There must be news that the document has been modified

Would count as Defacement

• Paint on the doc

• writing anything on the doc with a specific POV

• carving bad words or selfish graffiti or a political message or symbol into it

• If the "nominal" original constitution were defaced but there were heavy unofficial rumors that this wasn't the "real" constitution. Unless they were confirmed, if it's officially the real one, it's the real one

• Some gov't group modifies it physically, then is pursued and considered illegal, and also the change they made is invalidated and officially not considered binding or validly part of the document

Would not count as Defacement

• splattering paint on case

• carving up the backup copy's non-original case

• paint on backup copy

• writing "I support this" on the original constitution

• document destroyed or lost

• Some US govt group which retroactively is in control (1 yr later) manages to legally (according to themselves) modify the document, such as an amendment, or special affirmation of some slogan (added by the CIA secretly, but legally according to them, and they are not then known as an illegal organization)

The point is whether the doc itself is modified not so much on identifying the person/people/group who does it.