Based on data from the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS), it is widely believed that there is frozen water trapped in Permanently Shadowed Regions (PSR) in craters near the lunar poles.

If such water exists, it could prove an extremely useful resource for any future lunar missions, primarily because it could be used to manufacture fuel in-situ, reducing the amount of weight spacecraft must bring to the lunar surface if they hope to lift off again.

By 2030, will any water have been mined on the Moon? Water collected purely for scientific purposes does not count, it must be collected with the intention to use as a resource. A demonstration system to illustrate the feasibility of collecting lunar water as a resource is sufficient, even if the water collected is not actually used.