Will the most capable, public multimodal model at the end of 2027 in my judgement use a transformer-like architecture?
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2028
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This question will resolve positively if the multimodal ML model that I personally think is most capable at the end of 2027 — as indicated by benchmark performance, personal experience, and task generality — uses a transformer-like architecture. The model must be publicly available, and is chosen according to my sole judgement.

The model must at its core utilize an architecture that meets the following requirements, including any combination of the modifications and alterations listed:

  1. Core architecture components: The architecture must consist of an encoder, or a decoder, or both, with multi-head self-attention mechanisms, position-wise feed-forward networks, and positional encoding.

  2. Self-attention mechanism: The architecture must use a self-attention mechanism or a close approximation thereof. This includes:

    a. Modifications to the matrix algebra to address the quadratic complexity, such as kernelized attention, while retaining the core self-attention functionality.
    b. Approximation techniques to compute self-attention, such as sparse attention, low-rank approximation, or other methods that preserve the essential characteristics of the self-attention mechanism and maintain a similar mathematical form.

    c. Variations in the multi-head attention mechanism, such as incorporating dynamic weights or adaptive computation time.

  3. Encoder and decoder alterations: Variations of the architecture that retain the core functionality, such as:
    a. Removing the encoder, as seen in GPT, or removing the decoder, as seen in BERT.
    b. Modifying the encoder or decoder layers while maintaining the core structure, including but not limited to layer normalization, gating mechanisms, or attention routing.
    c. Incorporating additional layers or components, such as memory or state layers, external memory access, or recurrent connections.
    d. Employing depthwise or pointwise convolutions in place of, or in addition to, fully connected layers.
    e. Utilizing different layer types, such as convolutional layers, recurrent layers, or capsule networks, in combination with self-attention mechanisms.
    f. Introducing non-autoregressive methods for parallel decoding in the decoder portion of the architecture.

  4. Other minor modifications: The architecture may include additional modifications, provided they do not fundamentally alter the core components of the transformer architecture. Examples include but are not limited to:
    a. Changes to the activation functions, such as using variants of ReLU, sigmoid, or other nonlinear functions.
    b. Alterations to the normalization techniques, such as using weight normalization, layer normalization, or group normalization.
    c. Adjustments to the layer connectivity patterns, including skip connections, dense connections, or other topological changes.
    d. Variations in the positional encoding methods, such as learned positional encoding, relative positional encoding, or sinusoidal encoding with modified frequencies.
    e. Adaptations to the optimization algorithms, including changes to the learning rate schedules, adaptive optimizers, or regularization techniques.

  5. Additional components: The model may employ additional components on top of the core architectural components, such as external tools, a search mechanism, or a retrieval mechanism.


This question will wait until information about the model architecture is provided before resolving.

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